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Introduction
Bullous Pemphigoid is a skin disorder characterized by large blisters.
Alternative Names:
Immunobullous skin disease | |
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Causes and risk factors
The cause is not known, but may be related to immune system disorders.
Bullous Pemphigoid typically occurs in elderly persons and is rare in young people. It may also be triggered by some medications. Bullous Pemphigoid-like conditions can sometimes be associated with other illnesses, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus) and cancer. | |
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 | | Figure: Typical skin lesions of Bullous Pemphigoid | | |
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Multiple bullae (blisters filled with straw colored fluid), usually located on the arms, legs, or trunk
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May weep, crust over, erode the skin, form ulcers or open sores
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Itching
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Rashes
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Mouth sores
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Bleeding gums
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Eye involvement: Corneal ulcers and ectropion (turning out of the eyelid so that the inner surface is exposed) in cases with eye involvement.
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Complications of disease
- Loss of fluid and electrolyte balance can occur in severe disease
- Mouth ulcers and difficulty in eating
- Pigmentation on the skin after healing of the blisters
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Diagnosis
A skin lesion biopsy shows a characteristic blistering pattern. Immunological studies may be done on the skin biopsy to distinguish it from other similar blistering disorders. | |
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Treatment Options
Treatment is focused on relief of symptoms and prevention of infection. Corticosteroids are the treatment of choice. They are given by mouth or by injection. Other medications may include chemotherapy or immuno suppressive medications. Antibiotics may be useful in mild cases. | |